January job gains dwarf expectations

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OTTAWA — Canada's job growth was almost five times stronger than expected last month.

Statistics Canada on Friday said there were 69,200 additional people working in January, much more than the 15,000 in job gains economists had been predicting.

The unemployment rate rose to 7.8 per cent from 7.6 per cent in December, as more people joined the job hunt. Economists had expected the jobless rate to remain the same.

The unexpectedly high rate of job gains for January means the labour market has gained back all the positions lost during the recession, and then some. Recent revisions to the data had put the job count down 30,000 from before the downturn, despite previous data showing all recession-related job losses had been recovered.

"Canadian employment came flying out of the chute to start 2011, posting a whopping rise of 69,200 jobs in January, with gains spread evenly across sectors and job types," said Douglas Porter, deputy chief economist with BMO Capital Markets.

Porter said the January jobs report "reinforces the point that the economy regained momentum around the turn of the year."

Full-time workers were up 31,100 in January and part-timers were ahead 38,000.

Private-sector employment grew by 22,700 people, public-sector work was up 26,400 and 20,100 more people were self-employed.

There was, however, a disproportionate number of job gains among women 25 and older, who saw gains of 55,400.

Some of the industries for which employment grew included public administration, agriculture and specialized-service occupations. Declines were seen in transportation and warehousing, and accommodation and food services. Manufacturing job numbers were essentially flat, despite fears it would lose ground after seeing exceptionally high growth of 66,000 in December.

Notable employment gains were seen in Ontario and Alberta, though there were declines in British Columbia and New Brunswick.

Porter noted that a rise of 106,400 in the number of people seeking work — which pushed the unemployment rate higher — was one of the biggest gains on record.

Despite the impressive job numbers for January, some experts pointed out the economy remains challenged.

"The number of full-time jobs continues to sit about 100,000 positions short of its level prior to the downturn, while both the employment-to-population ratio and the labour-force participation rate remain under water by some one to two percentage points," said David Burleton, deputy chief economist with TD Economics. "Lastly, the jobless rate was plumbing the depths at about six per cent as recently as mid-2008."

Burleton said he expects job growth to moderate to a pace of about 15,000 to 20,000 a month for most of 2011, which should be enough to bring the jobless rate down to 7.3 per cent by year's end.

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TABLE

Unemployment rates by province in January:

Newfoundland and Labrador 12.4%

Prince Edward Island 11.3%

Nova Scotia 9.5%

New Brunswick 9.1%

Quebec 7.9%

Ontario 8.1%

Manitoba 5.0%

Saskatchewan 5.4%

Alberta 5.9%

British Columbia 8.2%

Overall 7.8%

Source: Statistics Canada

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Canada: New Employer Compliance Requirements Take Effect Soon

Image by Shaun Merritt via FlickrEmployers should be prepared for new restrictions on the Temporary Foreign Worker Program taking effect April 1, 2011. Employers will be required to demonstrate past compliance with program rules and commitments in order to participate in the program. Further, some foreign workers will be subject to a four-year limit on employment in Canada.
Citizenship and Immigration Canada (CIC) will introduce new restrictions for the Temporary Foreign Worker Program (TFWP) effective April 1, 2011. Employers will be required to demonstrate their past compliance with program rules and commitments, and risk suspension from the TFWP for past program violations. In addition, some foreign nationals will be subject to a four-year limit on the time they can work in Canada under the TFWP.
New Compliance Requirements for Employers

Effective April 1, 2011, employers seeking to hire foreign workers will have their compliance with TFWP requirements over the preceding two years assessed. CIC will examine whether a sponsoring employer has provided its TFWP workers with wages, working conditions and an occupation that were substantially the same as the terms and conditions of the job offer that supported the work permit application.
An employer who does not meet the terms and conditions of the job offer may be subject to a two-year probationary period during which it may not hire a foreign worker under the program, unless the employer can show its earlier noncompliance was justified. Acceptable justifications to excuse noncompliance can include:

• A change in federal or provincial laws;
• A change in the applicable collective bargaining agreements;
• A good faith error in interpretation by the employer concerning its obligations to the foreign worker, so long as the employer subsequently provided compensation or made sufficient attempts to do so to all foreign workers who were affected by the error;
• An unintentional accounting or administrative error made by the employer, so long as the employer subsequently provided compensation or made sufficient attempts to do so to all foreign workers who were affected by the error;
• If the employer implemented measures that did not disproportionately affect foreign workers in response to dramatic economic changes directly affecting the employer, or
• Similar or related circumstances.

Citizenship and Immigration Canada will also maintain a public list of noncompliant employers on its website.
Though these new regulations do not take effect until April 1, they will apply to employers retroactively. As such, employers should review all work permits obtained on or after April 1, 2009 to ensure that the wages, working conditions and occupation have remained substantially the same as disclosed in the employer’s original offers of employment. If necessary, remedial action must be taken by the employer to ensure compliance with the regulations.
Four-Year Employment Limit for Some Work Permit Holders

The new TFWP rules will limit some work permit holders to a cumulative maximum period of four years of work in Canada. Once the four-year cap is reached, these individuals will not be eligible to apply for another work permit for a period of four years. However, the new cap will not apply to certain workers who enter in a category that is exempt from the Labour Market Opinion (LMO) requirement. This includes foreign nationals holding work permits that are issued pursuant to an international trade treaty, such as NAFTA or the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), or those holding positions that are exempt from LMO requirements because they create or maintain significant benefits for Canadians (such as intra-company transferees, among others).
Note that the four-year limit applies to employment authorization. It does not limit a foreign national’s stay in Canada to four years. In theory, those subject to the four-year work limit may be eligible to obtain another form of immigration status, such as student or dependent status, if they qualify. However, employers should still plan ahead and explore options for permanent residence for those foreign employees who may be subject to the four-year cap.

Source: Fragomen

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Deal to smooth firms’ access to overseas workers

Image via WikipediaOttawa, N.S. agreement does away with market survey
By DAVID JACKSON and EVA HOARE Staff Reporters
Wed, Feb 2 - 4:55 AM

Companies that may need overseas workers for big projects will have an easier time bringing them in under an agreement the province will sign with Ottawa.
Employers wanting to bring in temporary foreign workers now need a federal labour market opinion from Service Canada that says they’ve exhausted efforts to hire qualified Canadians or permanent residents and must look elsewhere.
Elizabeth Mills, executive director of the province’s Office of Immigration, said the new agreement will allow the province to write to Citizenship and Immigration Canada in support of the employer, allowing the employer to skip the step of the labour market opinion.
"In certain circumstances where the province . . . sees that an employer needs workers in a particular big project or economic development initiative, then we will write a letter of support requesting a temporary work permit be issued for a worker or workers in that area," Mills said Tuesday.
"We may also support a group of foreign nationals in a specific occupation. So, for example, if there’s a big project going on, the company is unable to hire people locally, and they need a group of workers to come over with specialized skills, then we can write a letter of support for that."
Another aspect of the agreement will grant a work permit to the spouse and working-age children of the foreign worker.
A third new measure deals with Canadians or permanent residents who marry foreign nationals. Mills said the foreign nationals will be able to get a work permit while temporary residents and waiting for their applications for permanent residence is being processed.
She said about 2,500 foreign workers come to the province annually.
Mills said the changes on temporary foreign workers come out of a 2007 agreement on immigration that the province signed with Ottawa. An annex to that agreement was to cover that group.
She said most other provinces have, or are working on, similar agreements with Ottawa.
Mills said she isn’t sure when the agreement will be signed, but hopes that will happen before the next federal election.
Well-known Nova Scotia immigration lawyer Lee Cohen lauded the move as a good step toward strengthening the economy because there are shortages of various levels of skilled workers.
"What was happening was Nova Scotia was bringing into the province more and more highly skilled people while positions for lesser skilled people were not being filled," Cohen said in an interview Tuesday.
"So instead of only seeking higher skilled workers, they wanted to seek workers in demand," he said. "It’s a fantastic thing. It’s a great step in the right direction."
Cohen said Nova Scotia has too many people who are highly educated but are being told they’re overqualified for positions, and conversely, not enough people to fill other openings, such as those found in the hospitality industry. "Hotels are finding it impossible to get room attendants."
The Halifax lawyer said he’d been told a few months ago that this change was underway, and hopes the next level to be addressed will be that of the entrepreneur.
"What I’ve been waiting for from these guys for such a long time is some kind of entrepreneurial category."
( djackson@herald.ca)

Common-Law Couples & Immigration to Canada

Image by seanmcgrath via Flickr

By Katherine at Legal Language
Posted 02/02/2011
In Immigration

anada is one of only a few countries to allow common-law couples to take advantage of the family immigration process.

Proving the validity of a common-law relationship can be difficult, however, and Citizenship & Immigration Canada will deny applications that don’t meet some strict criteria.

Definition of Common-Law Marriage in Canada

Couples whose relationships are defined as marriages or common-law marriages are eligible for immigration to Canada through family sponsorship if one person is a Canadian citizen or permanent resident.

Citizenship & Immigration Canada, Canada’s federal immigration agency, defines a common-law marriage as two people of the opposite or same sex who have lived together for at least one full year and have significant commitments — emotional, financial — to one another.

While the definition of a common-law relationship may seem lenient, it is important to be aware of certain criteria to be met in order for a common-law marriage to be accepted by immigration officials.

Common-Law Marriage & Immigration Regulations

Common-law marriages are closely inspected and scrutinized by Citizenship & Immigration Canada for the same reason that US Citizenship and Immigration Services rejects them outright — many people lie about the nature of their relationship just to be eligible for immigration.

Though CIC’s definition of a common-law relationship may be lenient, it does require extensive proof that the relationship is real — and this can pose problems even for bona fide couples.

Evidence that you are in an emotional relationship, share a home and support each other financially will need to be provided.

Proof of a Common-Law Marriage

The key to this is preparation and timing.

As soon as you know you will want to apply for immigration to Canada you should look at mortgage or rental agreements, utility bills (such as those for electricity, gas, water, internet and television), bank accounts and investments. Make a list and note whose name is included on each.

Many couples split the cost of living, which Citizenship & Immigration Canada accepts as proof of a common-law marriage.

However, many couples do this by assigning certain bills to an individual person instead of putting two names on the account. Immigration officials may view this as “roommate behavior” instead of the behavior of a financially and emotionally invested couple. Citizenship & Immigration Canada will be looking for utility bills that include the names of both parties.

This also goes for leases, deeds or other evidence of home ownership or rental. While you may have rented or bought a place before a second person moved in, it’s very important to add your partner’s name to the paperwork. Establishing the amount of time you have spent living together is vital to determining if your relationship can be deemed common-law.

Joint bank accounts are also good evidence of a committed couple, as are birth certificates of any children you may have had or adopted together. To a lesser degree, photos, correspondence and even travel tickets and itineraries can be used as proof of a common-law marriage.

This is not to say you must have both names on everything — Citizenship & Immigration Canada understands that not every couple will share absolutely everything. Many legally married couples, for example, have separate bank accounts or a house in one name.

But keep these tips in mind while you’re filling out an application — Canadian immigration officials are more likely to question or even deny an immigration application that a common-law couple submits.


 

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Total complete applications received since June 26, 2010

Image via Wikipedia On June 26, 2010, the eligibility criteria for Federal Skilled Worker applicants changed.
Between June 26, 2010, and June 30, 2011, a maximum of 20,000 complete Federal Skilled Worker applications will be considered for processing. Within the 20,000 cap, a maximum of 1,000 Federal Skilled Worker applications per eligible occupation will be considered for processing within this same time frame.
These limits do not apply to applications with an offer of arranged employment (job offer).
Applications received toward the overall cap: 7,156 of 20,000 as of January 31, 2011

Applications received per eligible occupation:

Eligible Occupation (by National Occupational Classification [NOC] code)	Number of Complete Applications Received*
0631 Restaurant and Food Service Managers	480
0811 Primary Production Managers (except Agriculture)	77
1122 Professional Occupations in Business Services to Management	1,000 (Cap reached)**
1233 Insurance Adjusters and Claims Examiners	151
2121 Biologists and Related Scientists	456
2151 Architects	429
3111 Specialist Physicians	359
3112 General Practitioners and Family Physicians	433
3113 Dentists	507
3131 Pharmacists	736
3142 Physiotherapists	171
3152 Registered Nurses	1,000 (Cap reached)**
3215 Medical Radiation Technologists	29
3222 Dental Hygienists and Dental Therapists	13
3233 Licensed Practical Nurses	91
4151 Psychologists	97
4152 Social Workers	313
6241 Chefs	72
6242 Cooks	147
7215 Contractors and Supervisors, Carpentry Trades	69
7216 Contractors and Supervisors, Mechanic Trades	174
7241 Electricians (except Industrial and Power System)	97
7242 Industrial Electricians	107
7251 Plumbers	29
7265 Welders and Related Machine Operators	33
7312 Heavy-Duty Equipment Mechanics	28
7371 Crane Operators	2
7372 Drillers and Blasters – Surface Mining, Quarrying and Construction	9
8222 Supervisors, Oil and Gas Drilling and Service	47

*The number of complete Federal Skilled Worker applications received as of January 31, 2011 is approximate.
**Once the cap has been reached, we can only accept applications for this occupation from people with an existing offer of arranged employment.
NOTE: Because application intake fluctuates, these figures are meant as a guide only. There is no guarantee that an application sent in now will fall within the cap.